In 1923, in an effort to stem the losses of smaller companies, the Railway Act of 1921 required the companies to amalgamate to form the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER). Services were operated using "East Coast Joint Stock" until 1922. Through journeys were important and lucrative for the companies and in 1860 they built special rolling stock for the line. In 1871, the line was shortened when the NER opened a direct line from an end-on junction, with the GNR, at Shaftholme, just south of Askern to Selby and over Selby Bridge on the Leeds- Hull line direct to York. Askern was connected to the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, a short section of which was used to reach the NER at Knottingley. The GNR established an end-on connection with the NER at Askern, famously described by the GNR's chairman as in "a ploughed field four miles north of Doncaster".
the North Eastern Railway from Berwick-upon-Tweed to Shaftholme.the North British Railway, from Edinburgh to Berwick-upon-Tweed, completed in 1846.During the 1830s and 1840s, each company built part of the route to serve its own area, but also intending to link with other railways to form the through route that would become the East Coast Main Line. The ECML was constructed by three independent railway companies. The core route is the main line between King's Cross and Edinburgh, the Hertford Loop is used for local and freight services and the Northern City Line provides an inner suburban service to the city. The Hertford Loop Line from Alexandra Palace to Stevenage.The Northern City Line from Finsbury Park to Moorgate and.The Wakefield Line, between Doncaster and Leeds, via Wakefield Westgate.The line crosses the Anglo-Scottish border at Marshall Meadows Bay The main line between London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley stations, via Stevenage, Peterborough, Grantham, Newark North Gate, Retford, Doncaster, York, Northallerton, Darlington, Durham, Newcastle, Morpeth, Alnmouth, Berwick-upon-Tweed and Dunbar.The ECML is part of Network Rail's Strategic Route G which comprises six separate lines: The primary long distance operator is London North Eastern Railway, but open-access competition on services to Northern England and Scotland is provided by Hull Trains, Grand Central and Lumo. There is currently no electrification north of Edinburgh to Aberdeen or Inverness. It carries key commuter traffic in north London and cross-country, commuter, local passenger services, and freight. The line links London, South East England and East Anglia, with Yorkshire, the North East and Scotland and is important to their local economies.
The November 2021 Integrated Rail Plan stated that the linespeed will be upgraded to 140 miles per hour (230 km/h). In the 1980s, the line was electrified and InterCity 225 trains were introduced, which have now been largely replaced by Class 800 and Class 801 units. In 1973, a Class 41 (an HST prototype), achieved a top speed of 143 mph (230 km/h) in a test run. With the demand for higher speed, British Rail introduced InterCity 125 high-speed trains between 19. In the early 1960s, steam was replaced by Diesel-electric traction, including the Deltics and sections of the line were upgraded so that trains could run at speeds of up to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). In 1948, the railways were nationalised and operated by British Railways. The LNER's chief engineer Sir Nigel Gresley designed iconic Pacific steam locomotives, including the Flying Scotsman and Mallard which achieved a world record speed for a steam locomotive, 126 miles per hour (203 km/h) on the Grantham-to-Peterborough section. The LNER competed with the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) for long-distance passenger traffic between London and Scotland. In 1923, the Railway Act of 1921 led to their amalgamation to form the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) and the line became its primary route. The line was built during the 1840s by three railway companies, the North British Railway, the North Eastern Railway, and the Great Northern Railway. The line is a key transport artery on the eastern side of Great Britain running broadly parallel to the A1 road. The East Coast Main Line ( ECML) is a 393-mile long (632 km) electrified railway between London and Edinburgh via Peterborough, Doncaster, York, Darlington, Durham and Newcastle.
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